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// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
/* ———————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————— *
 *    _____     ______   ______     __     __   __     __     ______   __  __       *
 *   /\  __-.  /\__  _\ /\  == \   /\ \   /\ "-.\ \   /\ \   /\__  _\ /\ \_\ \      *
 *   \ \ \/\ \ \/_/\ \/ \ \  __<   \ \ \  \ \ \-.  \  \ \ \  \/_/\ \/ \ \____ \     *
 *    \ \____-    \ \_\  \ \_\ \_\  \ \_\  \ \_\\"\_\  \ \_\    \ \_\  \/\_____\    *
 *     \/____/     \/_/   \/_/ /_/   \/_/   \/_/ \/_/   \/_/     \/_/   \/_____/    *
 *                                                                                  *
 * ————————————————————————————————— dtrinity.org ————————————————————————————————— *
 *                                                                                  *
 *                                         ▲                                        *
 *                                        ▲ ▲                                       *
 *                                                                                  *
 * ———————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————— *
 * dTRINITY Protocol: https://github.com/dtrinity                                   *
 * ———————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————— */

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import "@openzeppelin/contracts-5/access/AccessControl.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts-5/token/ERC20/extensions/IERC20Metadata.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts-5/token/ERC20/utils/SafeERC20.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts-5/utils/ReentrancyGuard.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts-5/utils/Pausable.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts-5/utils/math/Math.sol";

import "contracts/lending/core/interfaces/IPriceOracleGetter.sol";
import "contracts/token/IERC20Stablecoin.sol";
import "./CollateralVault.sol";
import "./OracleAware.sol";

/**
 * @title IssuerV2_2
 * @notice Issuer responsible for minting dUSD tokens with asset-level controls and collateral backing checks
 */
contract IssuerV2_2 is AccessControl, OracleAware, ReentrancyGuard, Pausable {
    using SafeERC20 for IERC20Metadata;

    /* Core state */

    IERC20Stablecoin public dusd;
    uint8 public immutable dusdDecimals;
    CollateralVault public collateralVault;

    /* Events */

    event CollateralVaultSet(address indexed collateralVault);
    event AssetMintingPauseUpdated(address indexed asset, bool paused);
    event AssetDepositCapUpdated(address indexed asset, uint256 cap);

    /* Roles */

    bytes32 public constant INCENTIVES_MANAGER_ROLE = keccak256("INCENTIVES_MANAGER_ROLE");
    bytes32 public constant PAUSER_ROLE = keccak256("PAUSER_ROLE");

    /* Errors */

    error SlippageTooHigh(uint256 minDUsd, uint256 dusdAmount);
    error IssuanceSurpassesCollateral(uint256 collateralInDusd, uint256 totalDusd);
    error AssetMintingPaused(address asset);
    error CannotBeZeroAddress();
    error AssetDepositCapExceeded(address asset, uint256 cap, uint256 projectedBalance);

    /* Overrides */

    // If true, minting with this collateral asset is paused at the issuer level
    mapping(address => bool) public assetMintingPaused;
    // Maximum amount of each asset that can be deposited via the issuer (0 = no cap)
    mapping(address => uint256) public assetDepositCap;

    /**
     * @notice Initializes the IssuerV2_2 contract with core dependencies
     * @param _collateralVault The address of the collateral vault
     * @param _dusd The address of the dUSD stablecoin
     * @param oracle The address of the price oracle
     */
    constructor(
        address _collateralVault,
        address _dusd,
        IPriceOracleGetter oracle
    ) OracleAware(_requireOracle(oracle), _requireOracleBaseCurrencyUnit(oracle)) {
        if (_collateralVault == address(0) || _dusd == address(0)) {
            revert CannotBeZeroAddress();
        }

        collateralVault = CollateralVault(_collateralVault);
        dusd = IERC20Stablecoin(_dusd);
        dusdDecimals = dusd.decimals();

        _grantRole(DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE, msg.sender);
        grantRole(INCENTIVES_MANAGER_ROLE, msg.sender);
        grantRole(PAUSER_ROLE, msg.sender);
    }

    /* Issuer */

    /**
     * @notice Issues dUSD tokens in exchange for collateral from the caller
     * @param collateralAmount The amount of collateral to deposit
     * @param collateralAsset The address of the collateral asset being deposited
     * @param minDUsd The minimum amount of dUSD the caller expects (slippage guard)
     */
    function issue(
        uint256 collateralAmount,
        address collateralAsset,
        uint256 minDUsd
    ) external whenNotPaused nonReentrant {
        if (!isAssetMintingEnabled(collateralAsset)) {
            revert AssetMintingPaused(collateralAsset);
        }

        uint256 cap = assetDepositCap[collateralAsset];
        if (cap > 0) {
            uint256 projectedBalance = IERC20Metadata(collateralAsset).balanceOf(address(collateralVault)) +
                collateralAmount;
            if (projectedBalance > cap) {
                revert AssetDepositCapExceeded(collateralAsset, cap, projectedBalance);
            }
        }

        uint8 collateralDecimals = IERC20Metadata(collateralAsset).decimals();
        uint256 baseValue = Math.mulDiv(
            oracle.getAssetPrice(collateralAsset),
            collateralAmount,
            10 ** collateralDecimals
        );
        uint256 dusdAmount = baseValueToDusdAmount(baseValue);
        if (dusdAmount < minDUsd) {
            revert SlippageTooHigh(minDUsd, dusdAmount);
        }

        // Transfer collateral directly to vault
        IERC20Metadata(collateralAsset).safeTransferFrom(msg.sender, address(collateralVault), collateralAmount);

        // Ensure post-mint total supply remains backed by collateral value
        uint256 postSupply = dusd.totalSupply() + dusdAmount;
        uint256 collateralCover = collateralInDusd();
        if (collateralCover < postSupply) {
            revert IssuanceSurpassesCollateral(collateralCover, postSupply);
        }

        dusd.mint(msg.sender, dusdAmount);
    }

    /**
     * @notice Issues dUSD tokens using excess collateral in the system
     * @param receiver The address to receive the minted dUSD tokens
     * @param dusdAmount The amount of dUSD to mint
     */
    function issueUsingExcessCollateral(
        address receiver,
        uint256 dusdAmount
    ) external onlyRole(INCENTIVES_MANAGER_ROLE) whenNotPaused {
        dusd.mint(receiver, dusdAmount);

        uint256 totalSupply = dusd.totalSupply();
        uint256 collateralCover = collateralInDusd();
        if (collateralCover < totalSupply) {
            revert IssuanceSurpassesCollateral(collateralCover, totalSupply);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @notice Calculates the collateral value in dUSD tokens
     * @return The amount of dUSD tokens equivalent to the collateral value
     */
    function collateralInDusd() public view returns (uint256) {
        uint256 collateralInBase = collateralVault.totalValue();
        return baseValueToDusdAmount(collateralInBase);
    }

    /**
     * @notice Converts a base value to an equivalent amount of dUSD tokens
     * @param baseValue The amount of base value to convert
     * @return The equivalent amount of dUSD tokens
     */
    function baseValueToDusdAmount(uint256 baseValue) public view returns (uint256) {
        return Math.mulDiv(baseValue, 10 ** dusdDecimals, baseCurrencyUnit);
    }

    /**
     * @notice Returns whether `asset` is currently enabled for minting by the issuer
     * @dev Asset must be supported by the collateral vault and not paused by issuer
     */
    function isAssetMintingEnabled(address asset) public view returns (bool) {
        if (!collateralVault.isCollateralSupported(asset)) {
            return false;
        }
        return !assetMintingPaused[asset];
    }

    /* Admin */

    /**
     * @notice Sets the collateral vault address
     * @param _collateralVault The address of the collateral vault
     */
    function setCollateralVault(address _collateralVault) external onlyRole(DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE) {
        if (_collateralVault == address(0)) {
            revert CannotBeZeroAddress();
        }
        collateralVault = CollateralVault(_collateralVault);
        emit CollateralVaultSet(_collateralVault);
    }

    /**
     * @notice Set minting pause override for a specific collateral asset
     * @param asset The collateral asset address
     * @param paused True to pause minting; false to enable
     */
    function setAssetMintingPause(address asset, bool paused) external onlyRole(PAUSER_ROLE) {
        if (!collateralVault.isCollateralSupported(asset)) {
            revert CollateralVault.UnsupportedCollateral(asset);
        }
        assetMintingPaused[asset] = paused;
        emit AssetMintingPauseUpdated(asset, paused);
    }

    /**
     * @notice Sets the deposit cap for a collateral asset
     * @dev Cap is denominated in the asset's native decimals; a value of 0 removes the cap
     * @param asset The collateral asset address
     * @param cap The maximum allowable balance for this asset at the collateral vault
     */
    function setAssetDepositCap(address asset, uint256 cap) external onlyRole(DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE) {
        if (!collateralVault.isCollateralSupported(asset)) {
            revert CollateralVault.UnsupportedCollateral(asset);
        }
        assetDepositCap[asset] = cap;
        emit AssetDepositCapUpdated(asset, cap);
    }

    /**
     * @notice Pause all minting operations
     */
    function pauseMinting() external onlyRole(PAUSER_ROLE) {
        _pause();
    }

    /**
     * @notice Unpause all minting operations
     */
    function unpauseMinting() external onlyRole(PAUSER_ROLE) {
        _unpause();
    }

    function _requireOracle(IPriceOracleGetter oracle) private pure returns (IPriceOracleGetter) {
        if (address(oracle) == address(0)) {
            revert CannotBeZeroAddress();
        }

        return oracle;
    }

    function _requireOracleBaseCurrencyUnit(IPriceOracleGetter oracle) private view returns (uint256) {
        if (address(oracle) == address(0)) {
            revert CannotBeZeroAddress();
        }

        return oracle.BASE_CURRENCY_UNIT();
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.0.0) (access/AccessControl.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IAccessControl} from "./IAccessControl.sol";
import {Context} from "../utils/Context.sol";
import {ERC165} from "../utils/introspection/ERC165.sol";

/**
 * @dev Contract module that allows children to implement role-based access
 * control mechanisms. This is a lightweight version that doesn't allow enumerating role
 * members except through off-chain means by accessing the contract event logs. Some
 * applications may benefit from on-chain enumerability, for those cases see
 * {AccessControlEnumerable}.
 *
 * Roles are referred to by their `bytes32` identifier. These should be exposed
 * in the external API and be unique. The best way to achieve this is by
 * using `public constant` hash digests:
 *
 * ```solidity
 * bytes32 public constant MY_ROLE = keccak256("MY_ROLE");
 * ```
 *
 * Roles can be used to represent a set of permissions. To restrict access to a
 * function call, use {hasRole}:
 *
 * ```solidity
 * function foo() public {
 *     require(hasRole(MY_ROLE, msg.sender));
 *     ...
 * }
 * ```
 *
 * Roles can be granted and revoked dynamically via the {grantRole} and
 * {revokeRole} functions. Each role has an associated admin role, and only
 * accounts that have a role's admin role can call {grantRole} and {revokeRole}.
 *
 * By default, the admin role for all roles is `DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE`, which means
 * that only accounts with this role will be able to grant or revoke other
 * roles. More complex role relationships can be created by using
 * {_setRoleAdmin}.
 *
 * WARNING: The `DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE` is also its own admin: it has permission to
 * grant and revoke this role. Extra precautions should be taken to secure
 * accounts that have been granted it. We recommend using {AccessControlDefaultAdminRules}
 * to enforce additional security measures for this role.
 */
abstract contract AccessControl is Context, IAccessControl, ERC165 {
    struct RoleData {
        mapping(address account => bool) hasRole;
        bytes32 adminRole;
    }

    mapping(bytes32 role => RoleData) private _roles;

    bytes32 public constant DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE = 0x00;

    /**
     * @dev Modifier that checks that an account has a specific role. Reverts
     * with an {AccessControlUnauthorizedAccount} error including the required role.
     */
    modifier onlyRole(bytes32 role) {
        _checkRole(role);
        _;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC165-supportsInterface}.
     */
    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view virtual override returns (bool) {
        return interfaceId == type(IAccessControl).interfaceId || super.supportsInterface(interfaceId);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns `true` if `account` has been granted `role`.
     */
    function hasRole(bytes32 role, address account) public view virtual returns (bool) {
        return _roles[role].hasRole[account];
    }

    /**
     * @dev Reverts with an {AccessControlUnauthorizedAccount} error if `_msgSender()`
     * is missing `role`. Overriding this function changes the behavior of the {onlyRole} modifier.
     */
    function _checkRole(bytes32 role) internal view virtual {
        _checkRole(role, _msgSender());
    }

    /**
     * @dev Reverts with an {AccessControlUnauthorizedAccount} error if `account`
     * is missing `role`.
     */
    function _checkRole(bytes32 role, address account) internal view virtual {
        if (!hasRole(role, account)) {
            revert AccessControlUnauthorizedAccount(account, role);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the admin role that controls `role`. See {grantRole} and
     * {revokeRole}.
     *
     * To change a role's admin, use {_setRoleAdmin}.
     */
    function getRoleAdmin(bytes32 role) public view virtual returns (bytes32) {
        return _roles[role].adminRole;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Grants `role` to `account`.
     *
     * If `account` had not been already granted `role`, emits a {RoleGranted}
     * event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the caller must have ``role``'s admin role.
     *
     * May emit a {RoleGranted} event.
     */
    function grantRole(bytes32 role, address account) public virtual onlyRole(getRoleAdmin(role)) {
        _grantRole(role, account);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Revokes `role` from `account`.
     *
     * If `account` had been granted `role`, emits a {RoleRevoked} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the caller must have ``role``'s admin role.
     *
     * May emit a {RoleRevoked} event.
     */
    function revokeRole(bytes32 role, address account) public virtual onlyRole(getRoleAdmin(role)) {
        _revokeRole(role, account);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Revokes `role` from the calling account.
     *
     * Roles are often managed via {grantRole} and {revokeRole}: this function's
     * purpose is to provide a mechanism for accounts to lose their privileges
     * if they are compromised (such as when a trusted device is misplaced).
     *
     * If the calling account had been revoked `role`, emits a {RoleRevoked}
     * event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the caller must be `callerConfirmation`.
     *
     * May emit a {RoleRevoked} event.
     */
    function renounceRole(bytes32 role, address callerConfirmation) public virtual {
        if (callerConfirmation != _msgSender()) {
            revert AccessControlBadConfirmation();
        }

        _revokeRole(role, callerConfirmation);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Sets `adminRole` as ``role``'s admin role.
     *
     * Emits a {RoleAdminChanged} event.
     */
    function _setRoleAdmin(bytes32 role, bytes32 adminRole) internal virtual {
        bytes32 previousAdminRole = getRoleAdmin(role);
        _roles[role].adminRole = adminRole;
        emit RoleAdminChanged(role, previousAdminRole, adminRole);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Attempts to grant `role` to `account` and returns a boolean indicating if `role` was granted.
     *
     * Internal function without access restriction.
     *
     * May emit a {RoleGranted} event.
     */
    function _grantRole(bytes32 role, address account) internal virtual returns (bool) {
        if (!hasRole(role, account)) {
            _roles[role].hasRole[account] = true;
            emit RoleGranted(role, account, _msgSender());
            return true;
        } else {
            return false;
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Attempts to revoke `role` to `account` and returns a boolean indicating if `role` was revoked.
     *
     * Internal function without access restriction.
     *
     * May emit a {RoleRevoked} event.
     */
    function _revokeRole(bytes32 role, address account) internal virtual returns (bool) {
        if (hasRole(role, account)) {
            _roles[role].hasRole[account] = false;
            emit RoleRevoked(role, account, _msgSender());
            return true;
        } else {
            return false;
        }
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.0.0) (access/IAccessControl.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev External interface of AccessControl declared to support ERC165 detection.
 */
interface IAccessControl {
    /**
     * @dev The `account` is missing a role.
     */
    error AccessControlUnauthorizedAccount(address account, bytes32 neededRole);

    /**
     * @dev The caller of a function is not the expected one.
     *
     * NOTE: Don't confuse with {AccessControlUnauthorizedAccount}.
     */
    error AccessControlBadConfirmation();

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `newAdminRole` is set as ``role``'s admin role, replacing `previousAdminRole`
     *
     * `DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE` is the starting admin for all roles, despite
     * {RoleAdminChanged} not being emitted signaling this.
     */
    event RoleAdminChanged(bytes32 indexed role, bytes32 indexed previousAdminRole, bytes32 indexed newAdminRole);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `account` is granted `role`.
     *
     * `sender` is the account that originated the contract call, an admin role
     * bearer except when using {AccessControl-_setupRole}.
     */
    event RoleGranted(bytes32 indexed role, address indexed account, address indexed sender);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `account` is revoked `role`.
     *
     * `sender` is the account that originated the contract call:
     *   - if using `revokeRole`, it is the admin role bearer
     *   - if using `renounceRole`, it is the role bearer (i.e. `account`)
     */
    event RoleRevoked(bytes32 indexed role, address indexed account, address indexed sender);

    /**
     * @dev Returns `true` if `account` has been granted `role`.
     */
    function hasRole(bytes32 role, address account) external view returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the admin role that controls `role`. See {grantRole} and
     * {revokeRole}.
     *
     * To change a role's admin, use {AccessControl-_setRoleAdmin}.
     */
    function getRoleAdmin(bytes32 role) external view returns (bytes32);

    /**
     * @dev Grants `role` to `account`.
     *
     * If `account` had not been already granted `role`, emits a {RoleGranted}
     * event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the caller must have ``role``'s admin role.
     */
    function grantRole(bytes32 role, address account) external;

    /**
     * @dev Revokes `role` from `account`.
     *
     * If `account` had been granted `role`, emits a {RoleRevoked} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the caller must have ``role``'s admin role.
     */
    function revokeRole(bytes32 role, address account) external;

    /**
     * @dev Revokes `role` from the calling account.
     *
     * Roles are often managed via {grantRole} and {revokeRole}: this function's
     * purpose is to provide a mechanism for accounts to lose their privileges
     * if they are compromised (such as when a trusted device is misplaced).
     *
     * If the calling account had been granted `role`, emits a {RoleRevoked}
     * event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the caller must be `callerConfirmation`.
     */
    function renounceRole(bytes32 role, address callerConfirmation) external;
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.0.0) (token/ERC20/extensions/IERC20Metadata.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IERC20} from "../IERC20.sol";

/**
 * @dev Interface for the optional metadata functions from the ERC20 standard.
 */
interface IERC20Metadata is IERC20 {
    /**
     * @dev Returns the name of the token.
     */
    function name() external view returns (string memory);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the symbol of the token.
     */
    function symbol() external view returns (string memory);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the decimals places of the token.
     */
    function decimals() external view returns (uint8);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.0.0) (token/ERC20/extensions/IERC20Permit.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev Interface of the ERC20 Permit extension allowing approvals to be made via signatures, as defined in
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2612[EIP-2612].
 *
 * Adds the {permit} method, which can be used to change an account's ERC20 allowance (see {IERC20-allowance}) by
 * presenting a message signed by the account. By not relying on {IERC20-approve}, the token holder account doesn't
 * need to send a transaction, and thus is not required to hold Ether at all.
 *
 * ==== Security Considerations
 *
 * There are two important considerations concerning the use of `permit`. The first is that a valid permit signature
 * expresses an allowance, and it should not be assumed to convey additional meaning. In particular, it should not be
 * considered as an intention to spend the allowance in any specific way. The second is that because permits have
 * built-in replay protection and can be submitted by anyone, they can be frontrun. A protocol that uses permits should
 * take this into consideration and allow a `permit` call to fail. Combining these two aspects, a pattern that may be
 * generally recommended is:
 *
 * ```solidity
 * function doThingWithPermit(..., uint256 value, uint256 deadline, uint8 v, bytes32 r, bytes32 s) public {
 *     try token.permit(msg.sender, address(this), value, deadline, v, r, s) {} catch {}
 *     doThing(..., value);
 * }
 *
 * function doThing(..., uint256 value) public {
 *     token.safeTransferFrom(msg.sender, address(this), value);
 *     ...
 * }
 * ```
 *
 * Observe that: 1) `msg.sender` is used as the owner, leaving no ambiguity as to the signer intent, and 2) the use of
 * `try/catch` allows the permit to fail and makes the code tolerant to frontrunning. (See also
 * {SafeERC20-safeTransferFrom}).
 *
 * Additionally, note that smart contract wallets (such as Argent or Safe) are not able to produce permit signatures, so
 * contracts should have entry points that don't rely on permit.
 */
interface IERC20Permit {
    /**
     * @dev Sets `value` as the allowance of `spender` over ``owner``'s tokens,
     * given ``owner``'s signed approval.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: The same issues {IERC20-approve} has related to transaction
     * ordering also apply here.
     *
     * Emits an {Approval} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `spender` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `deadline` must be a timestamp in the future.
     * - `v`, `r` and `s` must be a valid `secp256k1` signature from `owner`
     * over the EIP712-formatted function arguments.
     * - the signature must use ``owner``'s current nonce (see {nonces}).
     *
     * For more information on the signature format, see the
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2612#specification[relevant EIP
     * section].
     *
     * CAUTION: See Security Considerations above.
     */
    function permit(
        address owner,
        address spender,
        uint256 value,
        uint256 deadline,
        uint8 v,
        bytes32 r,
        bytes32 s
    ) external;

    /**
     * @dev Returns the current nonce for `owner`. This value must be
     * included whenever a signature is generated for {permit}.
     *
     * Every successful call to {permit} increases ``owner``'s nonce by one. This
     * prevents a signature from being used multiple times.
     */
    function nonces(address owner) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the domain separator used in the encoding of the signature for {permit}, as defined by {EIP712}.
     */
    // solhint-disable-next-line func-name-mixedcase
    function DOMAIN_SEPARATOR() external view returns (bytes32);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.0.0) (token/ERC20/IERC20.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev Interface of the ERC20 standard as defined in the EIP.
 */
interface IERC20 {
    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `value` tokens are moved from one account (`from`) to
     * another (`to`).
     *
     * Note that `value` may be zero.
     */
    event Transfer(address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 value);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the allowance of a `spender` for an `owner` is set by
     * a call to {approve}. `value` is the new allowance.
     */
    event Approval(address indexed owner, address indexed spender, uint256 value);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the value of tokens in existence.
     */
    function totalSupply() external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the value of tokens owned by `account`.
     */
    function balanceOf(address account) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Moves a `value` amount of tokens from the caller's account to `to`.
     *
     * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function transfer(address to, uint256 value) external returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the remaining number of tokens that `spender` will be
     * allowed to spend on behalf of `owner` through {transferFrom}. This is
     * zero by default.
     *
     * This value changes when {approve} or {transferFrom} are called.
     */
    function allowance(address owner, address spender) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Sets a `value` amount of tokens as the allowance of `spender` over the
     * caller's tokens.
     *
     * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: Beware that changing an allowance with this method brings the risk
     * that someone may use both the old and the new allowance by unfortunate
     * transaction ordering. One possible solution to mitigate this race
     * condition is to first reduce the spender's allowance to 0 and set the
     * desired value afterwards:
     * https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/issues/20#issuecomment-263524729
     *
     * Emits an {Approval} event.
     */
    function approve(address spender, uint256 value) external returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Moves a `value` amount of tokens from `from` to `to` using the
     * allowance mechanism. `value` is then deducted from the caller's
     * allowance.
     *
     * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function transferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 value) external returns (bool);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.0.0) (token/ERC20/utils/SafeERC20.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IERC20} from "../IERC20.sol";
import {IERC20Permit} from "../extensions/IERC20Permit.sol";
import {Address} from "../../../utils/Address.sol";

/**
 * @title SafeERC20
 * @dev Wrappers around ERC20 operations that throw on failure (when the token
 * contract returns false). Tokens that return no value (and instead revert or
 * throw on failure) are also supported, non-reverting calls are assumed to be
 * successful.
 * To use this library you can add a `using SafeERC20 for IERC20;` statement to your contract,
 * which allows you to call the safe operations as `token.safeTransfer(...)`, etc.
 */
library SafeERC20 {
    using Address for address;

    /**
     * @dev An operation with an ERC20 token failed.
     */
    error SafeERC20FailedOperation(address token);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failed `decreaseAllowance` request.
     */
    error SafeERC20FailedDecreaseAllowance(address spender, uint256 currentAllowance, uint256 requestedDecrease);

    /**
     * @dev Transfer `value` amount of `token` from the calling contract to `to`. If `token` returns no value,
     * non-reverting calls are assumed to be successful.
     */
    function safeTransfer(IERC20 token, address to, uint256 value) internal {
        _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeCall(token.transfer, (to, value)));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Transfer `value` amount of `token` from `from` to `to`, spending the approval given by `from` to the
     * calling contract. If `token` returns no value, non-reverting calls are assumed to be successful.
     */
    function safeTransferFrom(IERC20 token, address from, address to, uint256 value) internal {
        _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeCall(token.transferFrom, (from, to, value)));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Increase the calling contract's allowance toward `spender` by `value`. If `token` returns no value,
     * non-reverting calls are assumed to be successful.
     */
    function safeIncreaseAllowance(IERC20 token, address spender, uint256 value) internal {
        uint256 oldAllowance = token.allowance(address(this), spender);
        forceApprove(token, spender, oldAllowance + value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Decrease the calling contract's allowance toward `spender` by `requestedDecrease`. If `token` returns no
     * value, non-reverting calls are assumed to be successful.
     */
    function safeDecreaseAllowance(IERC20 token, address spender, uint256 requestedDecrease) internal {
        unchecked {
            uint256 currentAllowance = token.allowance(address(this), spender);
            if (currentAllowance < requestedDecrease) {
                revert SafeERC20FailedDecreaseAllowance(spender, currentAllowance, requestedDecrease);
            }
            forceApprove(token, spender, currentAllowance - requestedDecrease);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Set the calling contract's allowance toward `spender` to `value`. If `token` returns no value,
     * non-reverting calls are assumed to be successful. Meant to be used with tokens that require the approval
     * to be set to zero before setting it to a non-zero value, such as USDT.
     */
    function forceApprove(IERC20 token, address spender, uint256 value) internal {
        bytes memory approvalCall = abi.encodeCall(token.approve, (spender, value));

        if (!_callOptionalReturnBool(token, approvalCall)) {
            _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeCall(token.approve, (spender, 0)));
            _callOptionalReturn(token, approvalCall);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Imitates a Solidity high-level call (i.e. a regular function call to a contract), relaxing the requirement
     * on the return value: the return value is optional (but if data is returned, it must not be false).
     * @param token The token targeted by the call.
     * @param data The call data (encoded using abi.encode or one of its variants).
     */
    function _callOptionalReturn(IERC20 token, bytes memory data) private {
        // We need to perform a low level call here, to bypass Solidity's return data size checking mechanism, since
        // we're implementing it ourselves. We use {Address-functionCall} to perform this call, which verifies that
        // the target address contains contract code and also asserts for success in the low-level call.

        bytes memory returndata = address(token).functionCall(data);
        if (returndata.length != 0 && !abi.decode(returndata, (bool))) {
            revert SafeERC20FailedOperation(address(token));
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Imitates a Solidity high-level call (i.e. a regular function call to a contract), relaxing the requirement
     * on the return value: the return value is optional (but if data is returned, it must not be false).
     * @param token The token targeted by the call.
     * @param data The call data (encoded using abi.encode or one of its variants).
     *
     * This is a variant of {_callOptionalReturn} that silents catches all reverts and returns a bool instead.
     */
    function _callOptionalReturnBool(IERC20 token, bytes memory data) private returns (bool) {
        // We need to perform a low level call here, to bypass Solidity's return data size checking mechanism, since
        // we're implementing it ourselves. We cannot use {Address-functionCall} here since this should return false
        // and not revert is the subcall reverts.

        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = address(token).call(data);
        return success && (returndata.length == 0 || abi.decode(returndata, (bool))) && address(token).code.length > 0;
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.0.0) (utils/Address.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev Collection of functions related to the address type
 */
library Address {
    /**
     * @dev The ETH balance of the account is not enough to perform the operation.
     */
    error AddressInsufficientBalance(address account);

    /**
     * @dev There's no code at `target` (it is not a contract).
     */
    error AddressEmptyCode(address target);

    /**
     * @dev A call to an address target failed. The target may have reverted.
     */
    error FailedInnerCall();

    /**
     * @dev Replacement for Solidity's `transfer`: sends `amount` wei to
     * `recipient`, forwarding all available gas and reverting on errors.
     *
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1884[EIP1884] increases the gas cost
     * of certain opcodes, possibly making contracts go over the 2300 gas limit
     * imposed by `transfer`, making them unable to receive funds via
     * `transfer`. {sendValue} removes this limitation.
     *
     * https://consensys.net/diligence/blog/2019/09/stop-using-soliditys-transfer-now/[Learn more].
     *
     * IMPORTANT: because control is transferred to `recipient`, care must be
     * taken to not create reentrancy vulnerabilities. Consider using
     * {ReentrancyGuard} or the
     * https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/v0.8.20/security-considerations.html#use-the-checks-effects-interactions-pattern[checks-effects-interactions pattern].
     */
    function sendValue(address payable recipient, uint256 amount) internal {
        if (address(this).balance < amount) {
            revert AddressInsufficientBalance(address(this));
        }

        (bool success, ) = recipient.call{value: amount}("");
        if (!success) {
            revert FailedInnerCall();
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Performs a Solidity function call using a low level `call`. A
     * plain `call` is an unsafe replacement for a function call: use this
     * function instead.
     *
     * If `target` reverts with a revert reason or custom error, it is bubbled
     * up by this function (like regular Solidity function calls). However, if
     * the call reverted with no returned reason, this function reverts with a
     * {FailedInnerCall} error.
     *
     * Returns the raw returned data. To convert to the expected return value,
     * use https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/latest/units-and-global-variables.html?highlight=abi.decode#abi-encoding-and-decoding-functions[`abi.decode`].
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `target` must be a contract.
     * - calling `target` with `data` must not revert.
     */
    function functionCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionCallWithValue(target, data, 0);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
     * but also transferring `value` wei to `target`.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the calling contract must have an ETH balance of at least `value`.
     * - the called Solidity function must be `payable`.
     */
    function functionCallWithValue(address target, bytes memory data, uint256 value) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        if (address(this).balance < value) {
            revert AddressInsufficientBalance(address(this));
        }
        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.call{value: value}(data);
        return verifyCallResultFromTarget(target, success, returndata);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a static call.
     */
    function functionStaticCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.staticcall(data);
        return verifyCallResultFromTarget(target, success, returndata);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a delegate call.
     */
    function functionDelegateCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.delegatecall(data);
        return verifyCallResultFromTarget(target, success, returndata);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Tool to verify that a low level call to smart-contract was successful, and reverts if the target
     * was not a contract or bubbling up the revert reason (falling back to {FailedInnerCall}) in case of an
     * unsuccessful call.
     */
    function verifyCallResultFromTarget(
        address target,
        bool success,
        bytes memory returndata
    ) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
        if (!success) {
            _revert(returndata);
        } else {
            // only check if target is a contract if the call was successful and the return data is empty
            // otherwise we already know that it was a contract
            if (returndata.length == 0 && target.code.length == 0) {
                revert AddressEmptyCode(target);
            }
            return returndata;
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Tool to verify that a low level call was successful, and reverts if it wasn't, either by bubbling the
     * revert reason or with a default {FailedInnerCall} error.
     */
    function verifyCallResult(bool success, bytes memory returndata) internal pure returns (bytes memory) {
        if (!success) {
            _revert(returndata);
        } else {
            return returndata;
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Reverts with returndata if present. Otherwise reverts with {FailedInnerCall}.
     */
    function _revert(bytes memory returndata) private pure {
        // Look for revert reason and bubble it up if present
        if (returndata.length > 0) {
            // The easiest way to bubble the revert reason is using memory via assembly
            /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
            assembly {
                let returndata_size := mload(returndata)
                revert(add(32, returndata), returndata_size)
            }
        } else {
            revert FailedInnerCall();
        }
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.0.1) (utils/Context.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev Provides information about the current execution context, including the
 * sender of the transaction and its data. While these are generally available
 * via msg.sender and msg.data, they should not be accessed in such a direct
 * manner, since when dealing with meta-transactions the account sending and
 * paying for execution may not be the actual sender (as far as an application
 * is concerned).
 *
 * This contract is only required for intermediate, library-like contracts.
 */
abstract contract Context {
    function _msgSender() internal view virtual returns (address) {
        return msg.sender;
    }

    function _msgData() internal view virtual returns (bytes calldata) {
        return msg.data;
    }

    function _contextSuffixLength() internal view virtual returns (uint256) {
        return 0;
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.0.0) (utils/introspection/ERC165.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IERC165} from "./IERC165.sol";

/**
 * @dev Implementation of the {IERC165} interface.
 *
 * Contracts that want to implement ERC165 should inherit from this contract and override {supportsInterface} to check
 * for the additional interface id that will be supported. For example:
 *
 * ```solidity
 * function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view virtual override returns (bool) {
 *     return interfaceId == type(MyInterface).interfaceId || super.supportsInterface(interfaceId);
 * }
 * ```
 */
abstract contract ERC165 is IERC165 {
    /**
     * @dev See {IERC165-supportsInterface}.
     */
    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view virtual returns (bool) {
        return interfaceId == type(IERC165).interfaceId;
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.0.0) (utils/introspection/IERC165.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev Interface of the ERC165 standard, as defined in the
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-165[EIP].
 *
 * Implementers can declare support of contract interfaces, which can then be
 * queried by others ({ERC165Checker}).
 *
 * For an implementation, see {ERC165}.
 */
interface IERC165 {
    /**
     * @dev Returns true if this contract implements the interface defined by
     * `interfaceId`. See the corresponding
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-165#how-interfaces-are-identified[EIP section]
     * to learn more about how these ids are created.
     *
     * This function call must use less than 30 000 gas.
     */
    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) external view returns (bool);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.0.0) (utils/math/Math.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev Standard math utilities missing in the Solidity language.
 */
library Math {
    /**
     * @dev Muldiv operation overflow.
     */
    error MathOverflowedMulDiv();

    enum Rounding {
        Floor, // Toward negative infinity
        Ceil, // Toward positive infinity
        Trunc, // Toward zero
        Expand // Away from zero
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the addition of two unsigned integers, with an overflow flag.
     */
    function tryAdd(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (bool, uint256) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 c = a + b;
            if (c < a) return (false, 0);
            return (true, c);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the subtraction of two unsigned integers, with an overflow flag.
     */
    function trySub(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (bool, uint256) {
        unchecked {
            if (b > a) return (false, 0);
            return (true, a - b);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the multiplication of two unsigned integers, with an overflow flag.
     */
    function tryMul(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (bool, uint256) {
        unchecked {
            // Gas optimization: this is cheaper than requiring 'a' not being zero, but the
            // benefit is lost if 'b' is also tested.
            // See: https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/522
            if (a == 0) return (true, 0);
            uint256 c = a * b;
            if (c / a != b) return (false, 0);
            return (true, c);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the division of two unsigned integers, with a division by zero flag.
     */
    function tryDiv(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (bool, uint256) {
        unchecked {
            if (b == 0) return (false, 0);
            return (true, a / b);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the remainder of dividing two unsigned integers, with a division by zero flag.
     */
    function tryMod(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (bool, uint256) {
        unchecked {
            if (b == 0) return (false, 0);
            return (true, a % b);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the largest of two numbers.
     */
    function max(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return a > b ? a : b;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the smallest of two numbers.
     */
    function min(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return a < b ? a : b;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the average of two numbers. The result is rounded towards
     * zero.
     */
    function average(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        // (a + b) / 2 can overflow.
        return (a & b) + (a ^ b) / 2;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the ceiling of the division of two numbers.
     *
     * This differs from standard division with `/` in that it rounds towards infinity instead
     * of rounding towards zero.
     */
    function ceilDiv(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        if (b == 0) {
            // Guarantee the same behavior as in a regular Solidity division.
            return a / b;
        }

        // (a + b - 1) / b can overflow on addition, so we distribute.
        return a == 0 ? 0 : (a - 1) / b + 1;
    }

    /**
     * @notice Calculates floor(x * y / denominator) with full precision. Throws if result overflows a uint256 or
     * denominator == 0.
     * @dev Original credit to Remco Bloemen under MIT license (https://xn--2-umb.com/21/muldiv) with further edits by
     * Uniswap Labs also under MIT license.
     */
    function mulDiv(uint256 x, uint256 y, uint256 denominator) internal pure returns (uint256 result) {
        unchecked {
            // 512-bit multiply [prod1 prod0] = x * y. Compute the product mod 2^256 and mod 2^256 - 1, then use
            // use the Chinese Remainder Theorem to reconstruct the 512 bit result. The result is stored in two 256
            // variables such that product = prod1 * 2^256 + prod0.
            uint256 prod0 = x * y; // Least significant 256 bits of the product
            uint256 prod1; // Most significant 256 bits of the product
            assembly {
                let mm := mulmod(x, y, not(0))
                prod1 := sub(sub(mm, prod0), lt(mm, prod0))
            }

            // Handle non-overflow cases, 256 by 256 division.
            if (prod1 == 0) {
                // Solidity will revert if denominator == 0, unlike the div opcode on its own.
                // The surrounding unchecked block does not change this fact.
                // See https://docs.soliditylang.org/en/latest/control-structures.html#checked-or-unchecked-arithmetic.
                return prod0 / denominator;
            }

            // Make sure the result is less than 2^256. Also prevents denominator == 0.
            if (denominator <= prod1) {
                revert MathOverflowedMulDiv();
            }

            ///////////////////////////////////////////////
            // 512 by 256 division.
            ///////////////////////////////////////////////

            // Make division exact by subtracting the remainder from [prod1 prod0].
            uint256 remainder;
            assembly {
                // Compute remainder using mulmod.
                remainder := mulmod(x, y, denominator)

                // Subtract 256 bit number from 512 bit number.
                prod1 := sub(prod1, gt(remainder, prod0))
                prod0 := sub(prod0, remainder)
            }

            // Factor powers of two out of denominator and compute largest power of two divisor of denominator.
            // Always >= 1. See https://cs.stackexchange.com/q/138556/92363.

            uint256 twos = denominator & (0 - denominator);
            assembly {
                // Divide denominator by twos.
                denominator := div(denominator, twos)

                // Divide [prod1 prod0] by twos.
                prod0 := div(prod0, twos)

                // Flip twos such that it is 2^256 / twos. If twos is zero, then it becomes one.
                twos := add(div(sub(0, twos), twos), 1)
            }

            // Shift in bits from prod1 into prod0.
            prod0 |= prod1 * twos;

            // Invert denominator mod 2^256. Now that denominator is an odd number, it has an inverse modulo 2^256 such
            // that denominator * inv = 1 mod 2^256. Compute the inverse by starting with a seed that is correct for
            // four bits. That is, denominator * inv = 1 mod 2^4.
            uint256 inverse = (3 * denominator) ^ 2;

            // Use the Newton-Raphson iteration to improve the precision. Thanks to Hensel's lifting lemma, this also
            // works in modular arithmetic, doubling the correct bits in each step.
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^8
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^16
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^32
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^64
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^128
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^256

            // Because the division is now exact we can divide by multiplying with the modular inverse of denominator.
            // This will give us the correct result modulo 2^256. Since the preconditions guarantee that the outcome is
            // less than 2^256, this is the final result. We don't need to compute the high bits of the result and prod1
            // is no longer required.
            result = prod0 * inverse;
            return result;
        }
    }

    /**
     * @notice Calculates x * y / denominator with full precision, following the selected rounding direction.
     */
    function mulDiv(uint256 x, uint256 y, uint256 denominator, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        uint256 result = mulDiv(x, y, denominator);
        if (unsignedRoundsUp(rounding) && mulmod(x, y, denominator) > 0) {
            result += 1;
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the square root of a number. If the number is not a perfect square, the value is rounded
     * towards zero.
     *
     * Inspired by Henry S. Warren, Jr.'s "Hacker's Delight" (Chapter 11).
     */
    function sqrt(uint256 a) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        if (a == 0) {
            return 0;
        }

        // For our first guess, we get the biggest power of 2 which is smaller than the square root of the target.
        //
        // We know that the "msb" (most significant bit) of our target number `a` is a power of 2 such that we have
        // `msb(a) <= a < 2*msb(a)`. This value can be written `msb(a)=2**k` with `k=log2(a)`.
        //
        // This can be rewritten `2**log2(a) <= a < 2**(log2(a) + 1)`
        // → `sqrt(2**k) <= sqrt(a) < sqrt(2**(k+1))`
        // → `2**(k/2) <= sqrt(a) < 2**((k+1)/2) <= 2**(k/2 + 1)`
        //
        // Consequently, `2**(log2(a) / 2)` is a good first approximation of `sqrt(a)` with at least 1 correct bit.
        uint256 result = 1 << (log2(a) >> 1);

        // At this point `result` is an estimation with one bit of precision. We know the true value is a uint128,
        // since it is the square root of a uint256. Newton's method converges quadratically (precision doubles at
        // every iteration). We thus need at most 7 iteration to turn our partial result with one bit of precision
        // into the expected uint128 result.
        unchecked {
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            return min(result, a / result);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @notice Calculates sqrt(a), following the selected rounding direction.
     */
    function sqrt(uint256 a, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 result = sqrt(a);
            return result + (unsignedRoundsUp(rounding) && result * result < a ? 1 : 0);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 2 of a positive value rounded towards zero.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log2(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        uint256 result = 0;
        unchecked {
            if (value >> 128 > 0) {
                value >>= 128;
                result += 128;
            }
            if (value >> 64 > 0) {
                value >>= 64;
                result += 64;
            }
            if (value >> 32 > 0) {
                value >>= 32;
                result += 32;
            }
            if (value >> 16 > 0) {
                value >>= 16;
                result += 16;
            }
            if (value >> 8 > 0) {
                value >>= 8;
                result += 8;
            }
            if (value >> 4 > 0) {
                value >>= 4;
                result += 4;
            }
            if (value >> 2 > 0) {
                value >>= 2;
                result += 2;
            }
            if (value >> 1 > 0) {
                result += 1;
            }
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 2, following the selected rounding direction, of a positive value.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log2(uint256 value, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 result = log2(value);
            return result + (unsignedRoundsUp(rounding) && 1 << result < value ? 1 : 0);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 10 of a positive value rounded towards zero.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log10(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        uint256 result = 0;
        unchecked {
            if (value >= 10 ** 64) {
                value /= 10 ** 64;
                result += 64;
            }
            if (value >= 10 ** 32) {
                value /= 10 ** 32;
                result += 32;
            }
            if (value >= 10 ** 16) {
                value /= 10 ** 16;
                result += 16;
            }
            if (value >= 10 ** 8) {
                value /= 10 ** 8;
                result += 8;
            }
            if (value >= 10 ** 4) {
                value /= 10 ** 4;
                result += 4;
            }
            if (value >= 10 ** 2) {
                value /= 10 ** 2;
                result += 2;
            }
            if (value >= 10 ** 1) {
                result += 1;
            }
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 10, following the selected rounding direction, of a positive value.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log10(uint256 value, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 result = log10(value);
            return result + (unsignedRoundsUp(rounding) && 10 ** result < value ? 1 : 0);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 256 of a positive value rounded towards zero.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     *
     * Adding one to the result gives the number of pairs of hex symbols needed to represent `value` as a hex string.
     */
    function log256(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        uint256 result = 0;
        unchecked {
            if (value >> 128 > 0) {
                value >>= 128;
                result += 16;
            }
            if (value >> 64 > 0) {
                value >>= 64;
                result += 8;
            }
            if (value >> 32 > 0) {
                value >>= 32;
                result += 4;
            }
            if (value >> 16 > 0) {
                value >>= 16;
                result += 2;
            }
            if (value >> 8 > 0) {
                result += 1;
            }
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 256, following the selected rounding direction, of a positive value.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log256(uint256 value, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 result = log256(value);
            return result + (unsignedRoundsUp(rounding) && 1 << (result << 3) < value ? 1 : 0);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns whether a provided rounding mode is considered rounding up for unsigned integers.
     */
    function unsignedRoundsUp(Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (bool) {
        return uint8(rounding) % 2 == 1;
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.0.0) (utils/Pausable.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {Context} from "../utils/Context.sol";

/**
 * @dev Contract module which allows children to implement an emergency stop
 * mechanism that can be triggered by an authorized account.
 *
 * This module is used through inheritance. It will make available the
 * modifiers `whenNotPaused` and `whenPaused`, which can be applied to
 * the functions of your contract. Note that they will not be pausable by
 * simply including this module, only once the modifiers are put in place.
 */
abstract contract Pausable is Context {
    bool private _paused;

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the pause is triggered by `account`.
     */
    event Paused(address account);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the pause is lifted by `account`.
     */
    event Unpaused(address account);

    /**
     * @dev The operation failed because the contract is paused.
     */
    error EnforcedPause();

    /**
     * @dev The operation failed because the contract is not paused.
     */
    error ExpectedPause();

    /**
     * @dev Initializes the contract in unpaused state.
     */
    constructor() {
        _paused = false;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Modifier to make a function callable only when the contract is not paused.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - The contract must not be paused.
     */
    modifier whenNotPaused() {
        _requireNotPaused();
        _;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Modifier to make a function callable only when the contract is paused.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - The contract must be paused.
     */
    modifier whenPaused() {
        _requirePaused();
        _;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns true if the contract is paused, and false otherwise.
     */
    function paused() public view virtual returns (bool) {
        return _paused;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Throws if the contract is paused.
     */
    function _requireNotPaused() internal view virtual {
        if (paused()) {
            revert EnforcedPause();
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Throws if the contract is not paused.
     */
    function _requirePaused() internal view virtual {
        if (!paused()) {
            revert ExpectedPause();
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Triggers stopped state.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - The contract must not be paused.
     */
    function _pause() internal virtual whenNotPaused {
        _paused = true;
        emit Paused(_msgSender());
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns to normal state.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - The contract must be paused.
     */
    function _unpause() internal virtual whenPaused {
        _paused = false;
        emit Unpaused(_msgSender());
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.0.0) (utils/ReentrancyGuard.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev Contract module that helps prevent reentrant calls to a function.
 *
 * Inheriting from `ReentrancyGuard` will make the {nonReentrant} modifier
 * available, which can be applied to functions to make sure there are no nested
 * (reentrant) calls to them.
 *
 * Note that because there is a single `nonReentrant` guard, functions marked as
 * `nonReentrant` may not call one another. This can be worked around by making
 * those functions `private`, and then adding `external` `nonReentrant` entry
 * points to them.
 *
 * TIP: If you would like to learn more about reentrancy and alternative ways
 * to protect against it, check out our blog post
 * https://blog.openzeppelin.com/reentrancy-after-istanbul/[Reentrancy After Istanbul].
 */
abstract contract ReentrancyGuard {
    // Booleans are more expensive than uint256 or any type that takes up a full
    // word because each write operation emits an extra SLOAD to first read the
    // slot's contents, replace the bits taken up by the boolean, and then write
    // back. This is the compiler's defense against contract upgrades and
    // pointer aliasing, and it cannot be disabled.

    // The values being non-zero value makes deployment a bit more expensive,
    // but in exchange the refund on every call to nonReentrant will be lower in
    // amount. Since refunds are capped to a percentage of the total
    // transaction's gas, it is best to keep them low in cases like this one, to
    // increase the likelihood of the full refund coming into effect.
    uint256 private constant NOT_ENTERED = 1;
    uint256 private constant ENTERED = 2;

    uint256 private _status;

    /**
     * @dev Unauthorized reentrant call.
     */
    error ReentrancyGuardReentrantCall();

    constructor() {
        _status = NOT_ENTERED;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Prevents a contract from calling itself, directly or indirectly.
     * Calling a `nonReentrant` function from another `nonReentrant`
     * function is not supported. It is possible to prevent this from happening
     * by making the `nonReentrant` function external, and making it call a
     * `private` function that does the actual work.
     */
    modifier nonReentrant() {
        _nonReentrantBefore();
        _;
        _nonReentrantAfter();
    }

    function _nonReentrantBefore() private {
        // On the first call to nonReentrant, _status will be NOT_ENTERED
        if (_status == ENTERED) {
            revert ReentrancyGuardReentrantCall();
        }

        // Any calls to nonReentrant after this point will fail
        _status = ENTERED;
    }

    function _nonReentrantAfter() private {
        // By storing the original value once again, a refund is triggered (see
        // https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2200)
        _status = NOT_ENTERED;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns true if the reentrancy guard is currently set to "entered", which indicates there is a
     * `nonReentrant` function in the call stack.
     */
    function _reentrancyGuardEntered() internal view returns (bool) {
        return _status == ENTERED;
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.0.0) (utils/structs/EnumerableSet.sol)
// This file was procedurally generated from scripts/generate/templates/EnumerableSet.js.

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev Library for managing
 * https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Set_(abstract_data_type)[sets] of primitive
 * types.
 *
 * Sets have the following properties:
 *
 * - Elements are added, removed, and checked for existence in constant time
 * (O(1)).
 * - Elements are enumerated in O(n). No guarantees are made on the ordering.
 *
 * ```solidity
 * contract Example {
 *     // Add the library methods
 *     using EnumerableSet for EnumerableSet.AddressSet;
 *
 *     // Declare a set state variable
 *     EnumerableSet.AddressSet private mySet;
 * }
 * ```
 *
 * As of v3.3.0, sets of type `bytes32` (`Bytes32Set`), `address` (`AddressSet`)
 * and `uint256` (`UintSet`) are supported.
 *
 * [WARNING]
 * ====
 * Trying to delete such a structure from storage will likely result in data corruption, rendering the structure
 * unusable.
 * See https://github.com/ethereum/solidity/pull/11843[ethereum/solidity#11843] for more info.
 *
 * In order to clean an EnumerableSet, you can either remove all elements one by one or create a fresh instance using an
 * array of EnumerableSet.
 * ====
 */
library EnumerableSet {
    // To implement this library for multiple types with as little code
    // repetition as possible, we write it in terms of a generic Set type with
    // bytes32 values.
    // The Set implementation uses private functions, and user-facing
    // implementations (such as AddressSet) are just wrappers around the
    // underlying Set.
    // This means that we can only create new EnumerableSets for types that fit
    // in bytes32.

    struct Set {
        // Storage of set values
        bytes32[] _values;
        // Position is the index of the value in the `values` array plus 1.
        // Position 0 is used to mean a value is not in the set.
        mapping(bytes32 value => uint256) _positions;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Add a value to a set. O(1).
     *
     * Returns true if the value was added to the set, that is if it was not
     * already present.
     */
    function _add(Set storage set, bytes32 value) private returns (bool) {
        if (!_contains(set, value)) {
            set._values.push(value);
            // The value is stored at length-1, but we add 1 to all indexes
            // and use 0 as a sentinel value
            set._positions[value] = set._values.length;
            return true;
        } else {
            return false;
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Removes a value from a set. O(1).
     *
     * Returns true if the value was removed from the set, that is if it was
     * present.
     */
    function _remove(Set storage set, bytes32 value) private returns (bool) {
        // We cache the value's position to prevent multiple reads from the same storage slot
        uint256 position = set._positions[value];

        if (position != 0) {
            // Equivalent to contains(set, value)
            // To delete an element from the _values array in O(1), we swap the element to delete with the last one in
            // the array, and then remove the last element (sometimes called as 'swap and pop').
            // This modifies the order of the array, as noted in {at}.

            uint256 valueIndex = position - 1;
            uint256 lastIndex = set._values.length - 1;

            if (valueIndex != lastIndex) {
                bytes32 lastValue = set._values[lastIndex];

                // Move the lastValue to the index where the value to delete is
                set._values[valueIndex] = lastValue;
                // Update the tracked position of the lastValue (that was just moved)
                set._positions[lastValue] = position;
            }

            // Delete the slot where the moved value was stored
            set._values.pop();

            // Delete the tracked position for the deleted slot
            delete set._positions[value];

            return true;
        } else {
            return false;
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns true if the value is in the set. O(1).
     */
    function _contains(Set storage set, bytes32 value) private view returns (bool) {
        return set._positions[value] != 0;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the number of values on the set. O(1).
     */
    function _length(Set storage set) private view returns (uint256) {
        return set._values.length;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the value stored at position `index` in the set. O(1).
     *
     * Note that there are no guarantees on the ordering of values inside the
     * array, and it may change when more values are added or removed.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `index` must be strictly less than {length}.
     */
    function _at(Set storage set, uint256 index) private view returns (bytes32) {
        return set._values[index];
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the entire set in an array
     *
     * WARNING: This operation will copy the entire storage to memory, which can be quite expensive. This is designed
     * to mostly be used by view accessors that are queried without any gas fees. Developers should keep in mind that
     * this function has an unbounded cost, and using it as part of a state-changing function may render the function
     * uncallable if the set grows to a point where copying to memory consumes too much gas to fit in a block.
     */
    function _values(Set storage set) private view returns (bytes32[] memory) {
        return set._values;
    }

    // Bytes32Set

    struct Bytes32Set {
        Set _inner;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Add a value to a set. O(1).
     *
     * Returns true if the value was added to the set, that is if it was not
     * already present.
     */
    function add(Bytes32Set storage set, bytes32 value) internal returns (bool) {
        return _add(set._inner, value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Removes a value from a set. O(1).
     *
     * Returns true if the value was removed from the set, that is if it was
     * present.
     */
    function remove(Bytes32Set storage set, bytes32 value) internal returns (bool) {
        return _remove(set._inner, value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns true if the value is in the set. O(1).
     */
    function contains(Bytes32Set storage set, bytes32 value) internal view returns (bool) {
        return _contains(set._inner, value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the number of values in the set. O(1).
     */
    function length(Bytes32Set storage set) internal view returns (uint256) {
        return _length(set._inner);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the value stored at position `index` in the set. O(1).
     *
     * Note that there are no guarantees on the ordering of values inside the
     * array, and it may change when more values are added or removed.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `index` must be strictly less than {length}.
     */
    function at(Bytes32Set storage set, uint256 index) internal view returns (bytes32) {
        return _at(set._inner, index);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the entire set in an array
     *
     * WARNING: This operation will copy the entire storage to memory, which can be quite expensive. This is designed
     * to mostly be used by view accessors that are queried without any gas fees. Developers should keep in mind that
     * this function has an unbounded cost, and using it as part of a state-changing function may render the function
     * uncallable if the set grows to a point where copying to memory consumes too much gas to fit in a block.
     */
    function values(Bytes32Set storage set) internal view returns (bytes32[] memory) {
        bytes32[] memory store = _values(set._inner);
        bytes32[] memory result;

        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            result := store
        }

        return result;
    }

    // AddressSet

    struct AddressSet {
        Set _inner;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Add a value to a set. O(1).
     *
     * Returns true if the value was added to the set, that is if it was not
     * already present.
     */
    function add(AddressSet storage set, address value) internal returns (bool) {
        return _add(set._inner, bytes32(uint256(uint160(value))));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Removes a value from a set. O(1).
     *
     * Returns true if the value was removed from the set, that is if it was
     * present.
     */
    function remove(AddressSet storage set, address value) internal returns (bool) {
        return _remove(set._inner, bytes32(uint256(uint160(value))));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns true if the value is in the set. O(1).
     */
    function contains(AddressSet storage set, address value) internal view returns (bool) {
        return _contains(set._inner, bytes32(uint256(uint160(value))));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the number of values in the set. O(1).
     */
    function length(AddressSet storage set) internal view returns (uint256) {
        return _length(set._inner);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the value stored at position `index` in the set. O(1).
     *
     * Note that there are no guarantees on the ordering of values inside the
     * array, and it may change when more values are added or removed.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `index` must be strictly less than {length}.
     */
    function at(AddressSet storage set, uint256 index) internal view returns (address) {
        return address(uint160(uint256(_at(set._inner, index))));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the entire set in an array
     *
     * WARNING: This operation will copy the entire storage to memory, which can be quite expensive. This is designed
     * to mostly be used by view accessors that are queried without any gas fees. Developers should keep in mind that
     * this function has an unbounded cost, and using it as part of a state-changing function may render the function
     * uncallable if the set grows to a point where copying to memory consumes too much gas to fit in a block.
     */
    function values(AddressSet storage set) internal view returns (address[] memory) {
        bytes32[] memory store = _values(set._inner);
        address[] memory result;

        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            result := store
        }

        return result;
    }

    // UintSet

    struct UintSet {
        Set _inner;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Add a value to a set. O(1).
     *
     * Returns true if the value was added to the set, that is if it was not
     * already present.
     */
    function add(UintSet storage set, uint256 value) internal returns (bool) {
        return _add(set._inner, bytes32(value));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Removes a value from a set. O(1).
     *
     * Returns true if the value was removed from the set, that is if it was
     * present.
     */
    function remove(UintSet storage set, uint256 value) internal returns (bool) {
        return _remove(set._inner, bytes32(value));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns true if the value is in the set. O(1).
     */
    function contains(UintSet storage set, uint256 value) internal view returns (bool) {
        return _contains(set._inner, bytes32(value));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the number of values in the set. O(1).
     */
    function length(UintSet storage set) internal view returns (uint256) {
        return _length(set._inner);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the value stored at position `index` in the set. O(1).
     *
     * Note that there are no guarantees on the ordering of values inside the
     * array, and it may change when more values are added or removed.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `index` must be strictly less than {length}.
     */
    function at(UintSet storage set, uint256 index) internal view returns (uint256) {
        return uint256(_at(set._inner, index));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the entire set in an array
     *
     * WARNING: This operation will copy the entire storage to memory, which can be quite expensive. This is designed
     * to mostly be used by view accessors that are queried without any gas fees. Developers should keep in mind that
     * this function has an unbounded cost, and using it as part of a state-changing function may render the function
     * uncallable if the set grows to a point where copying to memory consumes too much gas to fit in a block.
     */
    function values(UintSet storage set) internal view returns (uint256[] memory) {
        bytes32[] memory store = _values(set._inner);
        uint256[] memory result;

        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            result := store
        }

        return result;
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
/* ———————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————— *
 *    _____     ______   ______     __     __   __     __     ______   __  __       *
 *   /\  __-.  /\__  _\ /\  == \   /\ \   /\ "-.\ \   /\ \   /\__  _\ /\ \_\ \      *
 *   \ \ \/\ \ \/_/\ \/ \ \  __<   \ \ \  \ \ \-.  \  \ \ \  \/_/\ \/ \ \____ \     *
 *    \ \____-    \ \_\  \ \_\ \_\  \ \_\  \ \_\\"\_\  \ \_\    \ \_\  \/\_____\    *
 *     \/____/     \/_/   \/_/ /_/   \/_/   \/_/ \/_/   \/_/     \/_/   \/_____/    *
 *                                                                                  *
 * ————————————————————————————————— dtrinity.org ————————————————————————————————— *
 *                                                                                  *
 *                                         ▲                                        *
 *                                        ▲ ▲                                       *
 *                                                                                  *
 * ———————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————— *
 * dTRINITY Protocol: https://github.com/dtrinity                                   *
 * ———————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————— */

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import "@openzeppelin/contracts-5/access/AccessControl.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts-5/token/ERC20/extensions/IERC20Metadata.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts-5/token/ERC20/utils/SafeERC20.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts-5/utils/structs/EnumerableSet.sol";

import "contracts/shared/Constants.sol";
import "contracts/lending/core/interfaces/IPriceOracleGetter.sol";
import "contracts/dusd/OracleAware.sol";

/**
 * @title CollateralVault
 * @notice Abstract contract for any contract that manages collateral assets
\ */
abstract contract CollateralVault is AccessControl, OracleAware {
    using SafeERC20 for IERC20Metadata;
    using EnumerableSet for EnumerableSet.AddressSet;

    /* Core state */

    EnumerableSet.AddressSet internal _supportedCollaterals;

    /* Events */

    event CollateralAllowed(address indexed collateralAsset);
    event CollateralDisallowed(address indexed collateralAsset);

    /* Roles */

    bytes32 public constant COLLATERAL_MANAGER_ROLE = keccak256("COLLATERAL_MANAGER_ROLE");
    bytes32 public constant COLLATERAL_STRATEGY_ROLE = keccak256("COLLATERAL_STRATEGY_ROLE");
    bytes32 public constant COLLATERAL_WITHDRAWER_ROLE = keccak256("COLLATERAL_WITHDRAWER_ROLE");

    /* Errors */
    error UnsupportedCollateral(address collateralAsset);
    error CollateralAlreadyAllowed(address collateralAsset);
    error NoOracleSupport(address collateralAsset);
    error FailedToAddCollateral(address collateralAsset);
    error CollateralNotSupported(address collateralAsset);
    error MustSupportAtLeastOneCollateral();
    error FailedToRemoveCollateral(address collateralAsset);

    /**
     * @notice Initializes the vault with an oracle and sets up initial roles
     * @dev Grants all roles to the contract deployer initially
     * @param oracle The price oracle to use for collateral valuation
     */
    constructor(IPriceOracleGetter oracle) OracleAware(oracle, Constants.ORACLE_BASE_CURRENCY_UNIT) {
        _grantRole(DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE, msg.sender); // This is the super admin
        grantRole(COLLATERAL_MANAGER_ROLE, msg.sender);
        grantRole(COLLATERAL_WITHDRAWER_ROLE, msg.sender);
        grantRole(COLLATERAL_STRATEGY_ROLE, msg.sender);
    }

    /* Deposit */

    /**
     * @notice Deposit collateral into the vault
     * @param collateralAmount The amount of collateral to deposit
     * @param collateralAsset The address of the collateral asset
     */
    function deposit(uint256 collateralAmount, address collateralAsset) public {
        if (!_supportedCollaterals.contains(collateralAsset)) {
            revert UnsupportedCollateral(collateralAsset);
        }

        IERC20Metadata(collateralAsset).safeTransferFrom(msg.sender, address(this), collateralAmount);
    }

    /* Withdrawal */

    /**
     * @notice Withdraws collateral from the vault
     * @param collateralAmount The amount of collateral to withdraw
     * @param collateralAsset The address of the collateral asset
     */
    function withdraw(uint256 collateralAmount, address collateralAsset) public onlyRole(COLLATERAL_WITHDRAWER_ROLE) {
        return _withdraw(msg.sender, collateralAmount, collateralAsset);
    }

    /**
     * @notice Withdraws collateral from the vault to a specific address
     * @param recipient The address receiving the collateral
     * @param collateralAmount The amount of collateral to withdraw
     * @param collateralAsset The address of the collateral asset
     */
    function withdrawTo(
        address recipient,
        uint256 collateralAmount,
        address collateralAsset
    ) public onlyRole(COLLATERAL_WITHDRAWER_ROLE) {
        return _withdraw(recipient, collateralAmount, collateralAsset);
    }

    /**
     * @notice Internal function to withdraw collateral from the vault
     * @param withdrawer The address withdrawing the collateral
     * @param collateralAmount The amount of collateral to withdraw
     * @param collateralAsset The address of the collateral asset
     */
    function _withdraw(address withdrawer, uint256 collateralAmount, address collateralAsset) internal {
        IERC20Metadata(collateralAsset).safeTransfer(withdrawer, collateralAmount);
    }

    /* Collateral Info */

    /**
     * @notice Calculates the total value of all assets in the vault
     * @return usdValue The total value of all assets in USD
     */
    function totalValue() public view virtual returns (uint256 usdValue);

    /**
     * @notice Calculates the USD value of a given amount of an asset
     * @param assetAmount The amount of the asset
     * @param asset The address of the asset
     * @return usdValue The USD value of the asset
     */
    function assetValueFromAmount(uint256 assetAmount, address asset) public view returns (uint256 usdValue) {
        uint256 assetPrice = oracle.getAssetPrice(asset);
        uint8 assetDecimals = IERC20Metadata(asset).decimals();
        return (assetPrice * assetAmount) / (10 ** assetDecimals);
    }

    /**
     * @notice Calculates the amount of an asset that corresponds to a given USD value
     * @param usdValue The USD value
     * @param asset The address of the asset
     * @return assetAmount The amount of the asset
     */
    function assetAmountFromValue(uint256 usdValue, address asset) public view returns (uint256 assetAmount) {
        uint256 assetPrice = oracle.getAssetPrice(asset);
        uint8 assetDecimals = IERC20Metadata(asset).decimals();
        return (usdValue * (10 ** assetDecimals)) / assetPrice;
    }

    /* Collateral management */

    /**
     * @notice Allows a new collateral asset
     * @param collateralAsset The address of the collateral asset
     */
    function allowCollateral(address collateralAsset) public onlyRole(COLLATERAL_MANAGER_ROLE) {
        if (_supportedCollaterals.contains(collateralAsset)) {
            revert CollateralAlreadyAllowed(collateralAsset);
        }
        if (oracle.getAssetPrice(collateralAsset) == 0) {
            revert NoOracleSupport(collateralAsset);
        }
        if (!_supportedCollaterals.add(collateralAsset)) {
            revert FailedToAddCollateral(collateralAsset);
        }
        emit CollateralAllowed(collateralAsset);
    }

    /**
     * @notice Disallows a previously supported collateral asset
     * @dev Requires at least one collateral asset to remain supported
     * @param collateralAsset The address of the collateral asset to disallow
     */
    function disallowCollateral(address collateralAsset) public onlyRole(COLLATERAL_MANAGER_ROLE) {
        if (!_supportedCollaterals.contains(collateralAsset)) {
            revert CollateralNotSupported(collateralAsset);
        }
        if (_supportedCollaterals.length() <= 1) {
            revert MustSupportAtLeastOneCollateral();
        }
        if (!_supportedCollaterals.remove(collateralAsset)) {
            revert FailedToRemoveCollateral(collateralAsset);
        }

        emit CollateralDisallowed(collateralAsset);
    }

    /**
     * @notice Checks if a given asset is supported as collateral
     * @param collateralAsset The address of the collateral asset to check
     * @return bool True if the asset is supported, false otherwise
     */
    function isCollateralSupported(address collateralAsset) public view returns (bool) {
        return _supportedCollaterals.contains(collateralAsset);
    }

    /**
     * @notice Returns a list of all supported collateral assets
     * @return address[] Array of collateral asset addresses
     */
    function listCollateral() public view returns (address[] memory) {
        return _supportedCollaterals.values();
    }

    /**
     * @notice Calculates the total USD value of all supported collateral assets in the vault
     * @dev Iterates through all supported collaterals and sums their USD values
     * @return uint256 The total value in USD
     */
    function _totalValueOfSupportedCollaterals() internal view returns (uint256) {
        uint256 totalUsdValue = 0;
        for (uint256 i = 0; i < _supportedCollaterals.length(); i++) {
            address collateral = _supportedCollaterals.at(i);
            uint256 collateralPrice = oracle.getAssetPrice(collateral);
            uint8 collateralDecimals = IERC20Metadata(collateral).decimals();
            uint256 collateralValue = (collateralPrice * IERC20Metadata(collateral).balanceOf(address(this))) /
                (10 ** collateralDecimals);
            totalUsdValue += collateralValue;
        }
        return totalUsdValue;
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
/* ———————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————— *
 *    _____     ______   ______     __     __   __     __     ______   __  __       *
 *   /\  __-.  /\__  _\ /\  == \   /\ \   /\ "-.\ \   /\ \   /\__  _\ /\ \_\ \      *
 *   \ \ \/\ \ \/_/\ \/ \ \  __<   \ \ \  \ \ \-.  \  \ \ \  \/_/\ \/ \ \____ \     *
 *    \ \____-    \ \_\  \ \_\ \_\  \ \_\  \ \_\\"\_\  \ \_\    \ \_\  \/\_____\    *
 *     \/____/     \/_/   \/_/ /_/   \/_/   \/_/ \/_/   \/_/     \/_/   \/_____/    *
 *                                                                                  *
 * ————————————————————————————————— dtrinity.org ————————————————————————————————— *
 *                                                                                  *
 *                                         ▲                                        *
 *                                        ▲ ▲                                       *
 *                                                                                  *
 * ———————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————— *
 * dTRINITY Protocol: https://github.com/dtrinity                                   *
 * ———————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————— */

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import "@openzeppelin/contracts-5/access/AccessControl.sol";
import "contracts/lending/core/interfaces/IPriceOracleGetter.sol";

/**
 * @title OracleAware
 * @notice Abstract contract that provides oracle functionality to other contracts
 */
abstract contract OracleAware is AccessControl {
    /* Core state */

    IPriceOracleGetter public oracle;
    uint256 public baseCurrencyUnit;

    /* Events */

    event OracleSet(address indexed newOracle);

    /* Errors */

    error IncorrectBaseCurrencyUnit(uint256 baseCurrencyUnit);

    /**
     * @notice Initializes the contract with an oracle and base currency unit
     * @param initialOracle The initial oracle to use for price feeds
     * @param _baseCurrencyUnit The base currency unit for price calculations
     * @dev Sets up the initial oracle and base currency unit values
     */
    constructor(IPriceOracleGetter initialOracle, uint256 _baseCurrencyUnit) {
        oracle = initialOracle;
        baseCurrencyUnit = _baseCurrencyUnit;

        _grantRole(DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE, msg.sender);
    }

    /**
     * @notice Sets the oracle to use for collateral valuation
     * @param newOracle The new oracle to use
     */
    function setOracle(IPriceOracleGetter newOracle) public onlyRole(DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE) {
        if (newOracle.BASE_CURRENCY_UNIT() != baseCurrencyUnit) {
            revert IncorrectBaseCurrencyUnit(baseCurrencyUnit);
        }

        oracle = newOracle;

        emit OracleSet(address(newOracle));
    }

    /**
     * @notice Updates the base currency unit used for price calculations
     * @param _newBaseCurrencyUnit The new base currency unit to set
     * @dev Only used if the oracle's base currency unit changes
     */
    function setBaseCurrencyUnit(uint256 _newBaseCurrencyUnit) public onlyRole(DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE) {
        baseCurrencyUnit = _newBaseCurrencyUnit;
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0
/* ———————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————— *
 *    _____     ______   ______     __     __   __     __     ______   __  __       *
 *   /\  __-.  /\__  _\ /\  == \   /\ \   /\ "-.\ \   /\ \   /\__  _\ /\ \_\ \      *
 *   \ \ \/\ \ \/_/\ \/ \ \  __<   \ \ \  \ \ \-.  \  \ \ \  \/_/\ \/ \ \____ \     *
 *    \ \____-    \ \_\  \ \_\ \_\  \ \_\  \ \_\\"\_\  \ \_\    \ \_\  \/\_____\    *
 *     \/____/     \/_/   \/_/ /_/   \/_/   \/_/ \/_/   \/_/     \/_/   \/_____/    *
 *                                                                                  *
 * ————————————————————————————————— dtrinity.org ————————————————————————————————— *
 *                                                                                  *
 *                                         ▲                                        *
 *                                        ▲ ▲                                       *
 *                                                                                  *
 * ———————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————— *
 * dTRINITY Protocol: https://github.com/dtrinity                                   *
 * ———————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————— */

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @title IPriceOracleGetter
 * @author Aave
 * @notice Interface for the Aave price oracle.
 */
interface IPriceOracleGetter {
    /**
     * @notice Returns the base currency address
     * @dev Address 0x0 is reserved for USD as base currency.
     * @return Returns the base currency address.
     */
    function BASE_CURRENCY() external view returns (address);

    /**
     * @notice Returns the base currency unit
     * @dev 1 ether for ETH, 1e8 for USD.
     * @return Returns the base currency unit.
     */
    function BASE_CURRENCY_UNIT() external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @notice Returns the asset price in the base currency
     * @param asset The address of the asset
     * @return The price of the asset
     */
    function getAssetPrice(address asset) external view returns (uint256);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
/* ———————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————— *
 *    _____     ______   ______     __     __   __     __     ______   __  __       *
 *   /\  __-.  /\__  _\ /\  == \   /\ \   /\ "-.\ \   /\ \   /\__  _\ /\ \_\ \      *
 *   \ \ \/\ \ \/_/\ \/ \ \  __<   \ \ \  \ \ \-.  \  \ \ \  \/_/\ \/ \ \____ \     *
 *    \ \____-    \ \_\  \ \_\ \_\  \ \_\  \ \_\\"\_\  \ \_\    \ \_\  \/\_____\    *
 *     \/____/     \/_/   \/_/ /_/   \/_/   \/_/ \/_/   \/_/     \/_/   \/_____/    *
 *                                                                                  *
 * ————————————————————————————————— dtrinity.org ————————————————————————————————— *
 *                                                                                  *
 *                                         ▲                                        *
 *                                        ▲ ▲                                       *
 *                                                                                  *
 * ———————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————— *
 * dTRINITY Protocol: https://github.com/dtrinity                                   *
 * ———————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————— */

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

library Constants {
    // Shared definitions of how we represent percentages and basis points
    uint16 public constant ONE_BPS = 100; // 1 basis point with 2 decimals
    uint32 public constant ONE_PERCENT_BPS = ONE_BPS * 100;
    uint32 public constant ONE_HUNDRED_PERCENT_BPS = ONE_PERCENT_BPS * 100;

    uint32 public constant ORACLE_BASE_CURRENCY_UNIT = 1e8;
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: Unlicense
/* ———————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————— *
 *    _____     ______   ______     __     __   __     __     ______   __  __       *
 *   /\  __-.  /\__  _\ /\  == \   /\ \   /\ "-.\ \   /\ \   /\__  _\ /\ \_\ \      *
 *   \ \ \/\ \ \/_/\ \/ \ \  __<   \ \ \  \ \ \-.  \  \ \ \  \/_/\ \/ \ \____ \     *
 *    \ \____-    \ \_\  \ \_\ \_\  \ \_\  \ \_\\"\_\  \ \_\    \ \_\  \/\_____\    *
 *     \/____/     \/_/   \/_/ /_/   \/_/   \/_/ \/_/   \/_/     \/_/   \/_____/    *
 *                                                                                  *
 * ————————————————————————————————— dtrinity.org ————————————————————————————————— *
 *                                                                                  *
 *                                         ▲                                        *
 *                                        ▲ ▲                                       *
 *                                                                                  *
 * ———————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————— *
 * dTRINITY Protocol: https://github.com/dtrinity                                   *
 * ———————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————— */

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import "@openzeppelin/contracts-5/token/ERC20/IERC20.sol";

interface IERC20Stablecoin is IERC20 {
    function mint(address to, uint256 amount) external;

    function burn(uint256 amount) external;

    function burnFrom(address account, uint256 amount) external;

    function decimals() external view returns (uint8);
}

{
  "optimizer": {
    "enabled": true,
    "runs": 200
  },
  "viaIR": true,
  "evmVersion": "paris",
  "outputSelection": {
    "*": {
      "*": [
        "evm.bytecode",
        "evm.deployedBytecode",
        "devdoc",
        "userdoc",
        "metadata",
        "abi"
      ]
    }
  },
  "metadata": {
    "useLiteralContent": true
  }
}

• No Contract Security Audit Submitted- Submit Audit Here

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IPriceOracleGetter","name":"","type":"address"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[],"name":"pauseMinting","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[],"name":"paused","outputs":[{"internalType":"bool","name":"","type":"bool"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"bytes32","name":"role","type":"bytes32"},{"internalType":"address","name":"callerConfirmation","type":"address"}],"name":"renounceRole","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"bytes32","name":"role","type":"bytes32"},{"internalType":"address","name":"account","type":"address"}],"name":"revokeRole","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"asset","type":"address"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"cap","type":"uint256"}],"name":"setAssetDepositCap","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"asset","type":"address"},{"internalType":"bool","name":"paused","type":"bool"}],"name":"setAssetMintingPause","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"uint256","name":"_newBaseCurrencyUnit","type":"uint256"}],"name":"setBaseCurrencyUnit","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"_collateralVault","type":"address"}],"name":"setCollateralVault","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"contract IPriceOracleGetter","name":"newOracle","type":"address"}],"name":"setOracle","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"bytes4","name":"interfaceId","type":"bytes4"}],"name":"supportsInterface","outputs":[{"internalType":"bool","name":"","type":"bool"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[],"name":"unpauseMinting","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"}]

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000000000000000000000000624e12de7a97b8cfc1ad1f050a1c9263b1f4febc000000000000000000000000788d96f655735f52c676a133f4dfc53cec614d4a000000000000000000000000fa7560956807d95dcef22990ddd92e38dbaf5cdd

-----Decoded View---------------
Arg [0] : _collateralVault (address): 0x624E12dE7a97B8cFc1AD1F050a1c9263b1f4FeBC
Arg [1] : _dusd (address): 0x788D96f655735f52c676A133f4dFC53cEC614d4A
Arg [2] : oracle (address): 0xFA7560956807d95DCeF22990DdD92e38DbAf5cDd

-----Encoded View---------------
3 Constructor Arguments found :
Arg [0] : 000000000000000000000000624e12de7a97b8cfc1ad1f050a1c9263b1f4febc
Arg [1] : 000000000000000000000000788d96f655735f52c676a133f4dfc53cec614d4a
Arg [2] : 000000000000000000000000fa7560956807d95dcef22990ddd92e38dbaf5cdd